Doubts Loom Over the Success of California’s $3 Billion High-Speed Train to Vegas

By: Chris Gorrie | Last updated: Mar 15, 2024

A high-speed train service in Florida reaching speeds of up to 125 mph is a venture by the company Brightline, which has set its sights on an even more ambitious project – Brightline West.

This effort involves a $12-billion, 218-mile high-speed rail route connecting Las Vegas and Rancho Cucamonga, touted as the first true high-speed rail line in the United States.

Brightline is Optimistic About High-Speed Rail Project

The executives at Brightline are optimistic about opening the western route.

Advertisement
Brightline West logo

Brightline/Wikimedia Commons

Promising speeds of up to 200 mph, if they can open the project by their 2028 deadline it will be perfectly timed for the Los Angeles Olympics. For planned ground-breaking to occur  in spring, they’ll need their aspired financing to fall into place.

Biden Administration Actively Supporting Brightline Project

The Biden administration is actively supporting this private initiative, injecting $3 billion in taxpayer dollars into the project, along with access to $3.5 billion in tax-exempt bonds. 

Advertisement
President of the United States Joe Biden speaks to a portion of his administrative cabinet at a conference table.

The White House/Wikimedia Commons

This financial backing aims to demonstrate that private companies can succeed where various public bullet-train ventures, including California’s long-delayed San Francisco to Los Angeles project, have faced challenges.

California's Bullet Train: A Rising Financial Forecast

The Brightline West isn’t the only rail project facing challenges in California. Back in 2008, a bullet train” linking Los Angeles to San Fransisco was pitched to voters. 

Advertisement
A blue and yellow high-speed train labeled 'FLY CALIFORNIA' is captured in motion, with a slight motion blur emphasizing its speed

Source: Wikimedia Commons

However, the financial outlook for California’s high-speed rail project, initially projected at $40 billion has drastically increased over the years. As per recent statements from state officials, the cost for completing just a 171-mile stretch between Bakersfield and Merced has escalated to $35 billion. To complete the entire line, an additional $100 billion is necessary, underscoring a significant leap from the original budget estimates.

Doubts Over Completion

Republican State Senate Minority Leader Brian Jones has expressed strong skepticism regarding the project’s feasibility, stating, “It’s never going to get built.” 

Advertisement
Brian Jones is speaking into a microphone outdoors, with a focused expression. Behind him, a diverse group of men and women listen intently. The group includes a man in a turban, a woman in a blue blazer, another woman in a patterned scarf, and a man in a dark suit

Source: SenBrianJones/X

He highlighted concerns over the bullet train’s extension to San Diego and Los Angeles, criticizing the continuous financial gap of “$100 billion away” from completion. Jones’s perspective reflects a growing uncertainty around the high-speed rail’s future.

The Call to End the Project

Jones has been vocal about his opposition, urging California to terminate the high-speed rail project.

An empty train station platform during the daytime. The sky is clear and blue. There are no trains or people on the platform, which features yellow safety lines

Source: Wikimedia Commons

He argues that the escalating costs do not justify the already expended $18 billion, deeming it a waste. This stance advocates for a reassessment of the project’s viability against its burgeoning financial requirements.

Advertisement

Seeking Additional Funding

Despite the financial hurdles, the project’s leadership remains hopeful. The California State Senate High-Speed Rail Authority’s CEO, Brian Kelly, has been actively seeking further support from the federal government and private industry. 

Brian Kelly wearing a dark suit, white shirt, and a patterned tie, is smiling directly at the camera. In the background, two framed certificates are displayed on a wall

Source: Rep. Ro Khanna/Facebook

Kelly insists on the project’s viability, signaling an ongoing effort to secure the necessary funding to push the high-speed rail project forward.

Advertisement

Improving Performance to Gain Public Support

In a bid to garner public support, Kelly emphasizes the importance of performance improvement. He believes that the authority is “performing better today than it was” and expects continued progress. 

A large, unfinished arched concrete bridge spans over a calm river. The structure features multiple pillars and extends into the distance, with construction material visible along the bridge deck

Source: Wikimedia Commons

This approach aims to demonstrate the project’s potential benefits and operational enhancements to the public and stakeholders alike.

Advertisement

Concerns Over Financial Prioritization

Critics of the high-speed rail project argue that it diverts critical financial resources from other pressing issues facing California residents, including education, housing, and mental health. 

A diverse group of pedestrians is crossing a sunlit street at a crosswalk. The location is identifiable as Hollywood Boulevard by the street sign. Palm trees line the sidewalks, and various commercial buildings can be seen in the background

Source: Tommaso Teloni/Unsplash

The financial commitment to the rail project has sparked a debate on whether state funds are being allocated in the best interests of Californians.

Advertisement

A Vision for High-Speed Rail's Future

Despite his criticism of the state-led bullet train project, Jones acknowledges the potential of high-speed rail in California. 

A white high-speed train with purple and gold accents, marked with the word 'CALIFORNIA' and the number '2611', is captured in motion, speeding past an agricultural landscape

Source: Wikimedia Commons

He points to the Brightline West project, aiming for a two-hour connection between Las Vegas and Los Angeles, as a successful model. This project distinguishes itself by relying more on private investment than taxpayer funding.

Advertisement

The Advantage of Private Investment

Jones argues for the efficiency and planning benefits of private enterprise in developing high-speed rail projects. 

An aerial shot captures a multi-lane highway with various vehicles, including trucks and cars, in a rural setting

Source: Wikimedia Commons

By contrasting the state’s project with Brightline West, he suggests that private investment can lead to more effectively managed and financially viable rail services, reducing reliance on state funds and taxpayer contributions.

Advertisement

Financial Overview of the Project

The financial trajectory of California’s bullet train has seen a dramatic shift from its initial $40 billion estimate to a current projection exceeding $135 billion for full completion. 

A collage of three images showcasing different aspects of a modern train interior. On the left, spacious seating with grey upholstered chairs and ample legroom. The middle image shows an overview of the cabin with individual entertainment screens and a wood-paneled ceiling. On the right, a cozy lounge area with a large cushioned bench, a table, and a scenic window view

Source: Wikimedia Commons

This increase has raised questions about the project’s overall financial management and the justification of continued investment in the face of escalating costs.

Advertisement

The Challenge of Meeting Financial Expectations

The disparity between the initial visions of the high-speed rail and its current financial reality has become a focal point of contention

A city street undergoing construction with visible foundation work for what appears to be a railway line. There are orange barriers on either side of the trench, steel rebar protruding from the concrete footings, and construction materials scattered around

Source: Wikimedia Commons

As costs continue to rise, the feasibility and practicality of achieving the ambitious goals set for the project are increasingly under scrutiny.

Advertisement

Exploring Federal and Private Funding Avenues

With the project in need of substantial additional funding, the focus has shifted towards securing support from both the federal government and the private sector. 

The image shows a large bridge under construction with an intricate network of metal rebar forming an arch over the bridge deck. Scaffolding supports the unfinished structure, with a crane towering above

Source: Wikimedia Commons

This strategy is crucial for moving forward, as Kelly and his team work to demonstrate the project’s viability and potential benefits to gain the necessary financial backing.

Advertisement

The Future of California's High-Speed Rail

The ongoing debate and financial challenges leave California’s high-speed rail project at a crossroads. The outcome will not only affect the state’s transportation infrastructure but also set a precedent for large-scale public infrastructure projects across the country. 

A panoramic view of a single set of railroad tracks curving through a dry, hilly terrain covered with a mix of green and brown shrubbery. The tracks, laid upon a bed of gray stones, create a winding path between the hills

Source: Patrick Tomasso/Unsplash

The coming years will be pivotal in determining whether the bullet train can overcome its obstacles to become a hallmark of modern transportation in California.

Advertisement

Founder Sees Brightline West as Beginning of Movement

Wes Edens, Brightline’s founder, chairman, and a private equity billionaire, envisions Brightline West as a groundbreaking project.

Wes Edens, Brightline founder, staring just past the viewer in a headshot.

@CNBC/X

Once proven successful, the Brightline founder believes it could pave the way for numerous high-speed rail endeavors across the country.

Advertisement

Only High-Speed Rail with Labor Deals and Environmental Permitting

The uniqueness of Brightline West lies in being the only high-speed rail project with completed labor deals, right-of-way access, and environmental permitting, setting it apart from publicly funded projects like California’s.

Two people wearing dress shirts shaking hands. Only the peoples’ wrists and hands are visible.

Cytonn Photography/Unsplash

However, skepticism remains among specialists, reflecting the historical challenges faced by high-speed rail initiatives in the United States.

Advertisement

Why High-Speed Rail Might Fail in the United States

Factors such as dispersed population centers, city designs focused on highways rather than transit systems, and a preference for personal vehicles due to lower driving costs contribute to the hurdles. Further, U.S. rail is subject to outdated labor laws that make operating rail systems unlikely to be profitable.

A man in an overcoat and a turtleneck stares at a laptop computer questioningly while rubbing his chin with one hand.

bruce mars/Unsplash

Some skeptics also see an issue with rail in general, as U.S. passenger trains contend with congested single-track systems that are shared with lumbering freight trains, unlike the multi-track railroads in Europe.

Advertisement

Brightine Executives Believe Rail Systems Can Work

Brightline’s executives assert that they have studied successful rail systems worldwide, absorbing lessons from Britain, France, Spain, and Japan

Japanese MUE-train in motion.

MaedaAkihiko/Wikimedia Commons

They emphasize selecting routes with fewer legal battles over land and environmental impacts. Identifying strategic locations on the map, connecting points that surpass air travel times but remain attractive to motorists, is crucial for the project’s success.

Advertisement

50 Million Annual Travelers Between Southern California and Vegas

The estimated 50 million annual travelers between Southern California and Las Vegas, predominantly in cars, form a significant market for Brightline West. 

Las Vegas strip photographed from Paris Las Vegas at night.

Source: Clément Bardot/Wikimedia Commons

Edens envisions motorists driving past the train station, witnessing trains speeding by at 220 mph while stuck in traffic, offering an appealing alternative.

Advertisement

Brightline’s Initial Florida Venture Operates at $190 Million Loss

Despite these aspirations, Brightline’s initial venture in Florida has yet to meet ridership projections since its 2018 launch. 

Brightline station construction project in Miami in 2015. Heavy equipment and vehicles sit around a fenced off construction site, behind which rise apartment buildings.

Phillip Pessar/Wikimedia Commons

Operating losses of $190 million during the first nine months of the previous year indicate financial challenges, particularly as the company expands services from Miami to Fort Lauderdale and West Palm Beach.

Advertisement

Geographical Difficulties in Southern California Landscape

Brightline West faces additional obstacles, including navigating steep changes in elevation on the Las Vegas to Southern California route. 

The Grapevine in Southern California, north of Los Angeles.

JPxG/Wikimedia Commons

The terminus in Rancho Cucamonga, 40 miles east of downtown Los Angeles, poses logistical challenges, requiring riders to either take a slower MetroLink rail connection or endure a 1- to 2-hour drive, depending on traffic.

Advertisement

Roundtrip Tickets on Brightline West Could Cost More than $400

The financial aspect also raises questions, with Edens suggesting a round trip from Las Vegas to Rancho Cucamonga could eventually cost more than $400, potentially limiting affordability for many travelers. 

A woman leans on a tree in a park with an extremely surprised expression on her face.

Alexis Mora Angulo/Unsplash

The contrast between Biden’s vision for high-speed rail and its practical accessibility is evident.

Advertisement

Ultimate Fate of Brightline Land Development in SoCal-Vegas Project

Brightline’s significant real estate holdings, including stations and adjacent land, have become key assets for financing its railroad in South Florida.

A Brightline train enters a Fort Lauderdale, Florida, station

Wikimedia Commons

Regardless of the company’s financially beneficial land development in Florida, the ultimate fate of the 300 acres in Victor Valley, San Bernardino County, and the 110 acres around the Las Vegas station remains uncertain. Real estate development is integral to the Brightline West project, suggesting that the strategic use of land could play a crucial role in its success.

Advertisement